Advances in aptamer screening and small molecule aptasensors

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Molecular Biology
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Aptamers and SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) were introduced 20 years ago.
• Over 2,000 publications demonstrate the wide utility and application of aptamers as therapeutic and analytical tools.
• Initial research focused on protein targets, but aptamers for small molecules are increasingly needed.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in aptamer screening methodologies.
• To explore the analytical applications of aptamers, particularly for small molecules.
• To address the growing demand for rapid and simple analytical methods for chemical targets.

Main Methods:

• Review of literature on aptamer and SELEX development.
• Analysis of modified and re-created SELEX methods for improved efficiency and selectivity.
• Examination of aptamer applications in analytical chemistry.

Main Results:

• Significant progress in SELEX methods has led to more efficient and selective aptamer isolation.
• Aptamers are increasingly being developed for a diverse range of targets, including small molecules.
• The review covers recent advances in screening and analytical applications.

Conclusions:

• Aptamers are versatile tools with broad applications in diagnostics and therapeutics.
• Further research into aptamers for small molecules is essential for fields like medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety.
• Advancements in SELEX continue to enhance aptamer development and utility.