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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing

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Published on: March 22, 2019

Accurate temperature measurements in flames with high spatial resolution using Stokes Raman scattering from nitrogen

K C Utsav¹, Philip L Varghese

¹Aerospace Engineering & Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.

|July 16, 2013

Summary

This study enhances spontaneous Raman scattering measurements in CH4-air flames using a novel multiple-pass cell. The technique accurately measures flame temperature with minimal uncertainty, improving combustion diagnostics.

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Combustion Chemistry of Fuels: Quantitative Speciation Data Obtained from an Atmospheric High-temperature Flow Reactor with Coupled Molecular-beam Mass Spectrometer

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Published on: February 19, 2018

Area of Science:

* Combustion diagnostics
* Laser spectroscopy
* Physical chemistry

Background:

* Spontaneous Raman scattering is a valuable technique for non-intrusive flame analysis.
* Accurate temperature measurements are crucial for understanding combustion processes.
* Previous methods faced limitations in signal strength and accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

* To develop and validate a multiple-pass cell for enhanced spontaneous Raman scattering.
* To accurately measure flame temperature in a CH4-air laminar flame.
* To characterize the uncertainty in the temperature measurement.

Main Methods:

* Utilized a multiple-pass cell to focus laser light for amplified spontaneous Raman scattering.
* Acquired high-resolution N2 Stokes spectra from a CH4-air laminar flame.
* Employed a detailed spectral fitting model accounting for various physical phenomena.
* Modeled the apparatus function using a novel line shape function.

Main Results:

* Achieved a signal gain of 20 for spontaneous Raman scattering.
* Demonstrated improved signal-to-noise ratio with increased laser pulses.
* Inferred flame temperature by fitting N2 Stokes spectra.
* Characterized temperature uncertainty sources, including noise and model parameters.

Conclusions:

* The developed multiple-pass cell significantly enhances Raman scattering signals.
* The spectral fitting model provides accurate flame temperature measurements.
* The method achieved a low temperature uncertainty of ±9 K in optimal conditions.