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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
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Multiplex Chemical Imaging Based on Broadband Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy
09:57

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Published on: July 25, 2022

Code-division-multiplexed electrical impedance tomography spectroscopy.

A McEwan, J Tapson, A van Schaik

    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
    |July 16, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Code-division multiplexing enables simultaneous impedance measurements for electrical impedance tomography (EIT), offering wider frequency ranges and faster speeds. While spectral error is a minor concern, this method provides comparable imaging to traditional techniques.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Medical Imaging

    Background:

    • Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that reconstructs internal conductivity distributions using external electrical measurements.
    • Traditional EIT methods often rely on time-multiplexing, which can limit measurement speed and spectral resolution.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and evaluate code-division multiplexing (CDM) as a novel approach for simultaneous multi-channel impedance measurements in EIT.
    • To assess the advantages and potential drawbacks of CDM for EIT applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Code-division multiplexing (CDM) was implemented to acquire simultaneous impedance measurements across multiple channels.
    • The performance of CDM was compared to conventional time-multiplexed methods using a low-pass filter network.
    • Root-mean-square spectral error was quantified to evaluate the accuracy of CDM.

    Main Results:

    • CDM allows for simultaneous impedance measurements, potentially increasing frequency resolution and measurement speed in EIT.
    • A slight increase in root-mean-square spectral error (0.62%) was observed when using two non-orthogonal codes.
    • The imaging and spectral results obtained with CDM were comparable to those from time-multiplexed EIT.

    Conclusions:

    • Code-division multiplexing presents a viable alternative for EIT, offering benefits in speed and frequency resolution.
    • The trade-off between simultaneous measurement capability and potential spectral error needs consideration for specific EIT applications.
    • CDM holds promise for advancing EIT spectroscopy and other applications requiring faster, multi-channel data acquisition.