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Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview01:27

Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview

Controlled current coulometry, also known as amperostatic coulometry, is a technique used in electrochemical analysis to measure the quantity of a substance through the controlled passage of current. It involves the application of a constant current to an electrochemical cell containing the analyte of interest. As the current flows through the cell, the analyte undergoes a redox reaction at the electrode surface, resulting in a charge transfer. By monitoring the time required for a certain...
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A small-area low-power current readout circuit using two-stage conversion method for 64-channel CNT sensor arrays.

Young-San Shin1, Seongsoo Lee, Jae-Kyung Wee

  • 1School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Korea. youngsan@ssu.ac.kr

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
|July 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a low-power, small-area current readout circuit for carbon nanotube (CNT) sensor arrays. The novel design achieves efficient signal conversion and detection, reducing chip size and power consumption.

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Area of Science:

  • Electronics
  • Materials Science
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Carbon nanotube (CNT) sensors offer high sensitivity but require efficient readout circuits.
  • Existing readout circuits often face challenges with chip area and power consumption for multi-channel arrays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, small-area, low-power current readout circuit for 64-channel CNT sensor arrays.
  • To improve signal conversion efficiency and reduce overall system footprint and energy usage.

Main Methods:

  • A two-stage conversion method utilizing active input current mirrors (AICMs) and a shared variable gain amplifier (S-VGA).
  • Integration of a successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter (SAR-ADC) for signal digitalization.
  • Fabrication using 0.13 μm CMOS technology.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a compact chip area of 0.173 mm².
  • Measured power consumption of 73.06 μW across a 10 nA-10 μA input current range.
  • Demonstrated a linearity error of 5.3% at a 640 samples/s conversion rate.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed readout circuit effectively reduces chip area and power consumption for CNT sensor arrays.
  • A prototype real-time CNT sensor system using the circuit successfully detected alcohol reactions, validating its performance.