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Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

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Updated: May 9, 2026

Automated System for Single Molecule Fluorescence Measurements of Surface-immobilized Biomolecules

Automated System for Single Molecule Fluorescence Measurements of Surface-immobilized Biomolecules

Published on: November 2, 2009

A Vertically Integrated CMOS Microsystem for Time-Resolved Fluorescence Analysis.

Bruce R Rae, Jingbin Yang, Jonathan McKendry

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

|July 16, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a compact, two-chip micro-scale analyzer for time-resolved fluorescence. This microsystem enables precise investigation of short lifetime fluorophores using micro-LEDs and single-photon avalanche diodes.

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Area of Science:

Photonics
Materials Science
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Time-resolved fluorescence analysis is crucial for studying molecular dynamics.
Conventional systems often rely on bulky and expensive components like lasers and photomultiplier tubes.
Miniaturization of fluorescence analysis systems is needed for portable and high-throughput applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a micro-scale, solid-state time-resolved fluorescence analyzer.
To enable investigation of short lifetime fluorophores using a compact system.
To replace conventional bulky components with integrated microelectronic devices.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of an 8x8 micro-light-emitting diode (micro-LED) array for excitation.
Integration with a 16x4 array of single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) for detection.
Implementation of in-pixel time-gated photon counting and PC-based data processing.

Main Results:

Achieved excitation pulse width of 777 ps (FWHM) for investigating short lifetime fluorophores.
Demonstrated a compact, two-chip microsystem for fluorescence decay analysis.
Successfully measured fluorescent colloidal quantum dots and Rhodamine samples.

Conclusions:

The developed microsystem is the smallest reported solid-state device for fluorescence decay analysis.
This integrated system offers a miniaturized alternative to traditional fluorescence spectroscopy setups.
The technology holds potential for advanced analytical applications requiring high sensitivity and portability.