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Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation

The nursing assessment of the genitourinary (GU) system involves a systematic inspection and palpation to identify abnormalities in the kidneys, bladder, and surrounding structures.InspectionMouth: Inspect for signs of kidney dysfunction, such as stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth) and ammonia breath, which may occur in advanced kidney disease due to the buildup of urea, breaking down into ammonia.Skin: Check for pallor, which could indicate anemia caused by kidney disease. Look for...

Urinary Bladder

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...

The Micturition Reflex

The Micturition Reflex

Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History

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The genitourinary system is critical to maintaining fluid balance, waste elimination, and reproductive function. Nurses play a vital role in assessing this system, beginning with a thorough health history. This process involves gathering patient information, identifying risk factors, and recognizing symptoms of genitourinary disorders. Early detection is vital for timely interventions and management.1. Gathering Patient InformationA complete health history includes the patient’s personal,...

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

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The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

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AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection

Published on: August 28, 2020

[Urinary retention].

Ryosuke Takahashi¹, Seiji Naito

¹Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine

|July 17, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Urinary retention, the inability to urinate, presents with abdominal distention and pain. Diagnosis via ultrasound and treatment involve urgent urinary catheterization, with urologist referral if needed.

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Transcorporal Artificial Urinary Sphincter Cuff Placement in a Case Requiring Revision for Urethral Atrophy

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Published on: June 16, 2022

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection

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Published on: August 28, 2020

Transcorporal Artificial Urinary Sphincter Cuff Placement in a Case Requiring Revision for Urethral Atrophy

Transcorporal Artificial Urinary Sphincter Cuff Placement in a Case Requiring Revision for Urethral Atrophy

Published on: June 16, 2022

Area of Science:

Urology
Medical Diagnostics

Context:

Urinary retention is a common complication of benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer, urethral stricture, and neurogenic bladder.
Certain medications, including anticholinergics and antidepressants, can also precipitate urinary retention.

Purpose:

To outline the diagnostic approach and immediate management of acute urinary retention.
To highlight common etiologies and diagnostic tools for urinary retention.

Summary:

Acute urinary retention is characterized by the inability to urinate, often accompanied by lower abdominal distention and pain.
Ultrasound examination is a key diagnostic tool, revealing a significantly increased bladder capacity.
The primary treatment involves the urgent insertion of a urinary catheter to relieve bladder pressure.

Impact:

Facilitates prompt diagnosis and intervention for acute urinary retention, improving patient outcomes.
Provides essential information for clinicians managing patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and potential retention.