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Updated: May 9, 2026

Efficiently Recording the Eye-Hand Coordination to Incoordination Spectrum
Published on: March 21, 2019
Development of coordination in time estimation
Adam W Kiefer1, Sebastian Wallot1, Lori J Gresham1
1Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati.
Abstract:
How to best characterize cognitive development? The claim put forward in this article is that development is the improvement of a kind of coordination among a variety of factors. To determine the development of coordination in a cognitive task, children between 4 and 12 years of age and adults participated in a time estimation task: They had to press a button every time they thought a short time interval had passed. The resulting data series of estimated time intervals was then subjected to a set of fractal analyses to quantify coordination in terms of its degree of "rigidity" (very highly integrated) vs. "looseness" (poorly integrated). Results show a developmental trajectory toward pink-noise patterns, suggesting that cognitive development progresses from a very loose, poorly integrated coordination of factors toward a pattern that expresses more integration, perhaps due to an optimization of constraints, that allows for a more stable coordination.
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