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Can garlic oil ameliorate diabetes-induced oxidative stress in a rat liver model? A correlated histological and
Hanem Saad Abdultawab1, Nasra N Ayuob
1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Assuit University, Egypt.
Abstract:
This study aimed to characterise the structural changes in liver of an alloxan-induced diabetic rat and to explain such changes in terms of the biochemical changes in free radicals and antioxidants. In addition, it aimed to determine the potential ability of garlic oil to alter these changes. The study groups were: control (n=12), alloxan-induced diabetic rats (n=10) and alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with garlic oil (10 mg/kg body weight (n=10)). Markers of oxidative stress were assessed. Small pieces of the liver were processed for transmission electron microscopic study. Garlic oil caused a significant decrease in levels of LPO in plasma (0.26 vs 0.53), erythrocyte lysate (14.4 vs 24.8) and liver tissue homogenate (1.04 vs 2.08), whereas those of thiols were significantly elevated (1.2 vs 0.46), (24 vs 15) in plasma and erythrocyte lysate respectively. SOD activity and G-S-T activity were significantly elevated in erythrocyte lysate (5.7 vs 3.3) (377 vs 179) and liver homogenate (1.4 vs 0.5) (752 vs 623) respectively after garlic oil administration. Ultrastructural study of the liver confirmed the ability of garlic to retard lipid peroxidation of cellular membranes induced by oxidative stress associated with diabetes. Therefore, garlic could normalise oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
Insights
Garlic oil effectively combats oxidative stress in diabetic rats by reducing lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant levels. This study demonstrates garlic
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased oxidative stress.
- Alloxan-induced diabetes in rats serves as a model for studying diabetes-related cellular damage.
- Oxidative stress contributes to structural and biochemical alterations in the liver during diabetes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize structural and biochemical changes in the liver of alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
- To investigate the role of free radicals and antioxidants in these changes.
- To evaluate the potential of garlic oil in mitigating diabetes-induced oxidative stress and liver damage.
Main Methods:
- Induction of diabetes in rats using alloxan.
- Administration of garlic oil to diabetic rats.
- Biochemical assessment of oxidative stress markers (lipid peroxidation, thiols, SOD, G-S-T activity).
- Transmission electron microscopy for ultrastructural analysis of liver tissue.
Main Results:
- Garlic oil significantly decreased lipid peroxidation (LPO) in plasma, erythrocytes, and liver tissue.
- Garlic oil significantly increased thiol levels in plasma and erythrocytes.
- Garlic oil administration elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (G-S-T) activity in erythrocytes and liver.
- Ultrastructural studies confirmed garlic oil's protective effect against lipid peroxidation in liver cell membranes.
Conclusions:
- Garlic oil demonstrates significant antioxidant properties in the context of alloxan-induced diabetes.
- Garlic oil treatment helps normalize biochemical markers of oxidative stress in diabetic rats.
- The findings suggest garlic oil has therapeutic potential for managing diabetes-related oxidative stress and liver complications.
