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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Continuous Telemetric In Utero Tracheal Pressure Measurements in Fetal Lambs

Continuous Telemetric In Utero Tracheal Pressure Measurements in Fetal Lambs

Published on: December 22, 2023

Continuous support for women during childbirth.

Ellen D Hodnett¹, Simon Gates, G Justus Hofmeyr

¹Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Suite 130, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5T 1P8.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

|July 17, 2013

Summary

Continuous labor support improves birth outcomes, increasing spontaneous vaginal births and reducing interventions like cesarean sections. This support is beneficial for both mothers and infants, with no identified harm.

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Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Perinatal Care
Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

Historically, women received continuous support from other women during childbirth.
Modern hospital practices often limit continuous intrapartum support, making it an exception rather than a routine.
This shift necessitates an evaluation of the impact of continuous support on labor outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the effects of continuous, one-to-one intrapartum support compared to usual care.
To determine if factors like provider relationship and hospital policies influence the effectiveness of continuous support.
To investigate the impact of the timing of support onset.

Main Methods:

Conducted a systematic review of published and unpublished randomized controlled trials.
Searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register.
Utilized standard Cochrane Collaboration methods for data extraction and quality assessment, employing random-effects analyses.

Main Results:

Analyzed 22 trials involving 15,288 women.
Continuous support increased spontaneous vaginal birth rates (RR 1.08) and reduced cesarean births (RR 0.78) and instrumental births (RR 0.90).
Support also decreased the need for analgesia (RR 0.90), shortened labor duration (MD -0.58 hours), and lowered rates of low Apgar scores (RR 0.69).

Conclusions:

Continuous intrapartum support offers significant clinical benefits for women and newborns, including improved birth outcomes and reduced interventions.
The benefits are most pronounced when the support provider is independent of hospital staff and the woman's social network.
Continuous support is recommended for all women during labor and birth due to its positive impact and lack of harm.