Hip arthrosis and surgical intervention: what and when?

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Rheumatology
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Hip osteoarthritis is a prevalent degenerative joint disease, increasing with life expectancy and musculoskeletal trauma.
• It significantly impacts patients' quality of life, necessitating effective treatment strategies.
• Advancements in understanding cartilage biology have spurred new therapeutic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of evolving treatment options for hip osteoarthritis.
• To discuss the decision-making process for surgical interventions, particularly hip replacement.
• To highlight the role of patient factors and technological advancements in treatment selection.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on hip osteoarthritis diagnosis and management.
• Analysis of non-surgical treatments including viscosupplementation and platelet-rich plasma injections.
• Discussion of surgical options, emphasizing prosthetic replacement, arthroscopy, and other procedures.

Main Results:

• Non-surgical treatments like hyaluronic acid and platelet-rich plasma offer alternatives to traditional approaches.
• Surgical decisions for hip replacement are individualized, considering patient pain, function, age, and prosthesis technology.
• Minimally invasive techniques and alternative surgeries may delay or obviate the need for prosthetic replacement.

Conclusions:

• Hip osteoarthritis management has evolved from conservative measures to advanced biological and surgical interventions.
• A shared decision-making process between surgeon and patient is crucial for selecting the optimal treatment pathway.
• Continued research into joint preservation and improved prosthetic longevity is essential for addressing this widespread condition.