Unusual case of congenital/infantile fibrosarcoma in a new born

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Oncology
• Surgical Pathology
• Neonatal Medicine

Background:

• Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma (CIFS) is a rare soft tissue tumor predominantly affecting infants under five years old.
• CIFS typically presents in distal extremities but can occur in unusual locations like the retroperitoneum or lungs.
• While generally having a good prognosis, CIFS in newborns is exceptionally rare.

Observation:

• A case of CIFS in a neonate presented atypically, mimicking a hemangioma and causing significant neonatal hemorrhage.
• The tumor was located in the left arm and axilla and was associated with a congenital hand malformation.
• Initial chemotherapy treatment for the infant failed to resolve the tumor.

Findings:

• Despite chemotherapy failure, the infant underwent a shoulder amputation for tumor removal.
• The infant is currently two years old and shows no signs of tumor recurrence.
• This case underscores the importance of considering rare diagnoses in neonatal presentations.

Implications:

• This case expands the known clinical spectrum of congenital infantile fibrosarcoma.
• It highlights the challenges in diagnosing and managing rare neonatal tumors.
• Early and aggressive surgical intervention may be crucial for favorable outcomes in complex CIFS cases.