Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes01:28

Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes

The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles.
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Endoscopic versus open flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer for reconstruction of chronic achilles tendon rupture: A prospective randomized pilot trial.

Foot and ankle surgery : official journal of the European Society of Foot and Ankle Surgeons·2026
Same author

An integrative in silico and in vitro synergy of Cinnamomum verum essential oil and cinnamaldehyde with imipenem against extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Phytochemical analysis, pharmacological screening, and molecular docking studies of fresh and dry Saudi <i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.

Natural product research·2026
Same author

Targeted Muscle Reinnervation in the Hand for the Management of Symptomatic Neuroma Following Digit and Hand Amputations - A Case Series.

The journal of hand surgery Asian-Pacific volume·2026
Same author

Investigating the hepatoprotective effects of <i>Onopordum cyrenaicum</i>: phytochemical, biological, and computational approaches to combat liver damage.

Natural product research·2026
Same author

In-silico studies, synthesis, and pharmacological screening of novel multitarget diphenylpyrazole scaffold as EGFR/BRAF and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.

Scientific reports·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach
09:01

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach

Published on: January 24, 2018

Foot and ankle function after tibial overlengthening.

Khaled M Emara1, Ramy Ahmed Diab2, Sherif El Ghazali3

  • 1Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery : Official Publication of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons
|July 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tibial lengthening over 25% can negatively impact foot and ankle function, causing deformities and reduced motion. However, these effects were found to be reversible within two years in pediatric patients.

Keywords:
3Ilizarovdeformityexternal fixatorfemursurgery

More Related Videos

Autologous Microfractured and Purified Adipose Tissue for Arthroscopic Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
07:24

Autologous Microfractured and Purified Adipose Tissue for Arthroscopic Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

Published on: January 23, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach
09:01

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach

Published on: January 24, 2018

Autologous Microfractured and Purified Adipose Tissue for Arthroscopic Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
07:24

Autologous Microfractured and Purified Adipose Tissue for Arthroscopic Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

Published on: January 23, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Limb Reconstruction Surgery

Background:

  • Significant tibial lengthening (>25%) is performed for conditions like proximal femoral deficiency.
  • This procedure can potentially compromise foot and ankle shape and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of tibial lengthening exceeding 25% on foot and ankle morphology and function.
  • To compare outcomes with the preoperative condition in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 13 children with severe proximal focal femoral deficiency (Aitken type D).
  • Utilized Ilizarov external fixators for limb lengthening between June 2000 and June 2008.
  • Assessed foot and ankle parameters preoperatively, at fixator removal, and annually for 3 years.

Main Results:

  • Immediate post-lengthening showed equinocavovarus deformity and decreased joint motion.
  • American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores significantly decreased initially.
  • Significant improvement in range of motion, deformity, and AOFAS scores observed within 2 years, nearing preoperative levels.

Conclusions:

  • Tibial overlengthening (>25%) adversely affects pediatric foot and ankle function.
  • The functional deficits associated with tibial overlengthening are reversible.
  • Careful patient and family counseling regarding potential foot and ankle effects is recommended prior to surgery.