Stapleless laparoscopic splenectomy with individual vessel dissection in patients with splenomegaly

Mechanical stapling devices have been established as a mainstay in laparoscopic splenectomy (LS), but limited data are available regarding stapleless LS for splenomegaly with individual vessel dissection (IVD). This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of stapleless LS for splenomegaly and its potential advantage over staple-based LS.

A total of 51 patients with splenomegaly underwent stapleless LS and were subsequently reviewed. The data collected include the patients' demographics, operative outcomes, and the rates of conversion to open surgery, complications, and mortality. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were used to assess the impact of the primary diagnosis, body mass index (BMI), and massive splenomegaly on the perioperative conversion rate.

There were no deaths. The mean for various parameters are as follows: spleen length 21.6 cm; spleen weight 1,184 g, operating time 148 min, hospital stay 5.2 days, estimated blood loss 245 ml. The total conversion rate was 9.8 % (including one reoperation for bleeding). The presence of a BMI >30 % and hematologic malignancy-cofactors of portal hypertension (PH)-and a spleen weight >1,000 g were independent predictors of conversion to open surgery.

Stapleless LS for splenomegaly is feasible and safe in selected patients. It has advantages over traditional procedures using staples, at least in patients with benign splenomegaly. Patients with hematologic malignancy, BMI >30 %, coexistence of PH, and spleen weight >1,000 g are susceptible to bleeding during dissection of the splenic hilum, with use of IVD being relatively limited.