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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must have a...
¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene π orbitals.
Detection of Black Holes01:10

Detection of Black Holes

Although black holes were theoretically postulated in the 1920s, they remained outside the domain of observational astronomy until the 1970s.
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
Thomson's e/m Experiment01:19

Thomson's e/m Experiment

In a beam of charged particles created by a heated cathode, the particles move at different speeds. However, many applications need a beam with uniform particle speeds. An arrangement known as a velocity selector uses electric and magnetic fields to pick particles with a particular speed from the beam.
A particle with charge q, speed v, and mass m enters an area from the top, where the magnetic and electric fields are perpendicular both to the particle's motion and to one another. The magnetic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

Determining triple gauge boson couplings from Higgs data.

Tyler Corbett1, O J P Éboli, J Gonzalez-Fraile

  • 1C. N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics, SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3840, USA. corbett.ts@gmail.com

Physical Review Letters
|July 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Analyzing Higgs boson production data provides strong constraints on anomalous triple gauge couplings (TGCs), complementing direct TGC studies. Combining LHC, Tevatron, and direct TGC data offers comprehensive bounds.

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • High Energy Physics
  • Particle Physics
  • Electroweak Interactions

Background:

  • Effective Lagrangians with SU(2)(L)×U(1)(Y) symmetry describe electroweak interactions.
  • Modifications in Higgs boson couplings to gauge bosons are linked to anomalous triple gauge couplings (TGCs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of Higgs boson production data on anomalous triple gauge couplings (TGCs).
  • To establish strong bounds on TGCs using the latest LHC and Tevatron Higgs data.
  • To present combined constraints from direct TGC studies and Higgs production analyses.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Higgs boson production data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and Tevatron.
  • Incorporation of effective Lagrangians with linearly realized SU(2)(L)×U(1)(Y) symmetry.
  • Combination of data from direct TGC measurements and Higgs production analyses.

Main Results:

  • Higgs boson production data yield significant constraints on TGCs.
  • These constraints are complementary to those derived from direct TGC measurements.
  • The combined analysis provides robust bounds on anomalous TGCs.

Conclusions:

  • Higgs production data offer a powerful, independent probe of electroweak physics.
  • Combining diverse datasets enhances the precision of TGC measurements.
  • The study contributes to a more complete understanding of the Standard Model and potential new physics.