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Rheology across the zero-temperature jamming transition.

José Paredes1, Matthias A J Michels, Daniel Bonn

  • 1Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Physical Review Letters
|July 19, 2013
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Summary

Soft matter systems transition from fluid to solid states near the jamming point. This study models this transition as a phase transition, revealing power-law scalings and a two-state model for jamming dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Rheology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Many soft-matter systems exhibit a transition from fluid-like to solid-like mechanical behavior as particle concentration increases.
  • This jamming transition is a critical phenomenon observed across diverse materials like colloids, foams, and granular media.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanical transition in soft-matter systems near the jamming point.
  • To determine if the jamming transition can be understood as analogous to a thermodynamic phase transition.
  • To develop a model that explains the observed mechanical behaviors and their underlying dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an emulsion as a model system with precisely controlled volume fraction.
  • Analyzed mechanical behavior in the vicinity of the jamming point.
  • Developed and applied a simple two-state model incorporating heterogeneous dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that the mechanical transition near jamming behaves analogously to a phase transition.
  • Identified power-law scalings in relation to the distance from the jamming point.
  • The proposed two-state model successfully reproduced steady-state and creep rheology.
  • Connected power-law exponents to diverging microscopic time scales.

Conclusions:

  • The jamming transition in soft matter can be effectively described as a phase transition.
  • A two-state model with heterogeneous dynamics provides a robust framework for understanding jamming.
  • The study establishes quantitative relationships between macroscopic mechanical properties and microscopic dynamics near jamming.