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The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a rapamycin-insensitive companion...
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Monitoring eIF4F Assembly by Measuring eIF4E-eIF4G Interaction in Live Cells
08:47

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Published on: May 1, 2020

Many roads from mTOR to eIF4F.

Carson C Thoreen1

  • 1Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, 250 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. carson_thoreen@dfci.harvard.edu

Biochemical Society Transactions
|July 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway regulates cell growth by controlling mRNA translation via the eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) complex. Dysregulation of this process contributes to cancer development.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cell growth relies on coordinated macromolecular synthesis, influenced by environmental factors.
  • The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is a key regulator of eukaryotic cell growth.
  • mTOR influences gene expression primarily by controlling mRNA translation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the mTOR pathway in regulating gene expression.
  • To discuss the connection between mTOR, mRNA translation, and the eIF4F complex.
  • To explore how deregulated mTOR signaling contributes to diseases like cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on mTOR signaling.
  • Analysis of the regulatory mechanisms of mRNA translation.
  • Examination of the link between mTOR and cancer phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • The mTOR pathway masterfully regulates cell growth by modulating mRNA translation.
  • The eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) complex is a critical target for mTOR-mediated translational control.
  • Aberrant mTOR signaling is implicated in the pathogenesis of various cancers.

Conclusions:

  • The intricate relationship between mTOR signaling and mRNA translation is fundamental to cellular growth control.
  • Understanding this pathway offers insights into cancer biology and potential therapeutic strategies.
  • Targeting the mTOR-eIF4F axis presents a promising avenue for cancer treatment.