Comparison of outcomes of twins conceived spontaneously and by artificial reproductive therapy

To compare the outcomes of twin pregnancies conceived by artificial reproductive techniques (ART) with those of spontaneous conception.

In this multicenter prospective trial, comparisons were made between methods of conception in twin pregnancies, for maternal and perinatal outcomes.

Of 1001 twin pairs, 763/1001 (72.7%) were spontaneously conceived and 238/1001(27.3%) were conceived by ART. There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to obstetric complications. There were 13 per 1000 (20/1504; 1%) perinatal deaths in the spontaneously conceived group and 6 per 1000 (3/466; 0.6%) in the ART group (p = 0.8141). We found no differences in gestational age at delivery (median 36.9 versus 37.0 weeks), birth weight (median 2520 g versus 2538 g), or in a composite measure of adverse perinatal outcome (17% versus 15%) between the groups.

There were no differences in the rate of adverse obstetric or perinatal outcomes between twins conceived naturally compared with twins conceived by assisted conception.