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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...

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Related Experiment Video

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A RANKL-based Osteoclast Culture Assay of Mouse Bone Marrow to Investigate the Role of mTORC1 in Osteoclast Formation
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A RANKL-based Osteoclast Culture Assay of Mouse Bone Marrow to Investigate the Role of mTORC1 in Osteoclast Formation

Published on: March 15, 2018

MicroRNA-124 regulates osteoclast differentiation.

Youngkyun Lee1, Hyo Jeong Kim, Cheol Kyu Park

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea. ylee@knu.ac.kr

Bone
|July 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNA-124 (miR-124) suppresses osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting NFATc1. Inhibiting miR-124 enhances osteoclast differentiation, revealing a novel regulatory role for miR-124 in bone resorption.

Keywords:
DifferentiationNFATc1OsteoclastmiR-124

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Osteoclasts are crucial for bone resorption, differentiating from macrophage/monocyte precursors.
  • Receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL) signaling drives osteoclast differentiation.
  • Nuclear factor of activated T cell cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) is a master regulator of osteoclastogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of microRNA-124 (miR-124) in regulating osteoclastogenesis.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which miR-124 influences NFATc1 expression and osteoclast differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments utilized mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) to study osteoclast differentiation.
  • Assessed the impact of miR-124 manipulation (overexpression and inhibition) on osteoclast formation.
  • Analyzed NFATc1 expression levels and the effects on osteoclast precursor proliferation and motility.

Main Results:

  • miR-124 was found to suppress osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting NFATc1 expression.
  • Synthetic miR-124 inhibitors promoted osteoclast differentiation and increased NFATc1 levels.
  • Overexpression of an active NFATc1 form counteracted miR-124's inhibitory effects.
  • miR-124 impacted osteoclast precursor proliferation and motility, reducing RhoA and Rac1 expression.

Conclusions:

  • miR-124 plays a significant, previously unrecognized role in regulating osteoclastogenesis.
  • This study suggests a novel mechanism for NFATc1 regulation within osteoclasts.
  • Findings offer potential therapeutic targets for bone resorption disorders.