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Related Concept Videos

Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
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Hybridoma Technology

Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation, polyethylene glycol...

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Method for Whole Mount Antibody Staining in Chick
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Modified antibody in fetal alloimmunization.

James B Bussel1, Janice G McFarland

  • 1Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University.

Blood
|July 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers aim to create a novel antibody therapy to prevent fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT). This therapeutic antibody will block harmful maternal antibodies, protecting fetuses from low platelet counts.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Therapeutic Antibody Development

Background:

  • Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a serious condition caused by maternal antibodies attacking fetal platelets.
  • Current management strategies for FNAIT have limitations, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches.
  • The Fc receptor and FcRn pathways play critical roles in antibody-mediated immune responses and transplacental transfer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a therapeutic antibody for FNAIT that specifically blocks pathogenic maternal antibodies.
  • To design an antibody that prevents fetal and neonatal thrombocytopenia while ensuring transplacental passage.
  • To develop a reagent that avoids engagement with activating Fc receptors but retains FcRn interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Antibody engineering to modify Fc receptor binding properties.
  • Assessment of FcRn interaction for transplacental transfer capability.
  • In vitro and potentially in vivo models to evaluate therapeutic efficacy in blocking maternal antibodies.

Main Results:

  • The proposed antibody is designed to inhibit the binding of maternal anti-fetal platelet antibodies.
  • Engineered antibody is intended to have reduced interaction with activating Fc receptors to minimize maternal immune response.
  • The antibody is designed to bind FcRn, facilitating transfer across the placenta to the fetus.

Conclusions:

  • A novel therapeutic antibody strategy is proposed to treat and prevent FNAIT.
  • The engineered antibody aims to provide a safe and effective treatment by blocking harmful maternal antibodies.
  • Successful development could significantly improve outcomes for infants affected by FNAIT.