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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own EpiSCs...
Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells

The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular cells,...
Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands01:21

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands

A sebaceous gland is a type of oil gland found almost all over the skin ( except palms and soles) and helps lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair. Most sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles. They generate and excrete sebum, a mixture of lipids, onto the skin surface, thereby naturally lubricating the dry and dead layer of keratinized cells of the stratum corneum, keeping it pliable.
These glands that produce the oils on the skin and hair are holocrine glands. The mature...
Acne Infection01:27

Acne Infection

Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER01:28

Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER

Biological membranes are more than just a barrier separating cell cytoplasm from the outside environment. They are highly dynamic and help maintain the integrity and physiological stability of the cells as well as membrane-bound organelles. Membranes also play vital roles in cell-to-cell and intracellular communication.
A large chunk of any biological membrane is composed of phospholipids. These lipids have a heterogeneous distribution across different subcellular organelles and even between...
Cells of the Epidermis01:24

Cells of the Epidermis

The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
The cells in all these layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes, a type of cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin. The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Polycarbonate Ultracentrifuge Tube Re-Use in Proteomic Analyses of Extracellular Vesicles
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Polycarbonate Ultracentrifuge Tube Re-Use in Proteomic Analyses of Extracellular Vesicles

Published on: March 8, 2024

Eczema and ceramides: an update.

Jakob Mutanu Jungersted1, Tove Agner

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Roskilde Hospital, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark. Jungersted@gmail.com

Contact Dermatitis
|July 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review highlights ceramides

Keywords:
ceramideseczemaocclusion and geneticstreatment

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Cultivating a Three-dimensional Reconstructed Human Epidermis at a Large Scale
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Published on: May 28, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and barrier function research.
  • Molecular and genetic basis of skin conditions.

Background:

  • Normal epidermal barrier relies on lipids and proteins in the stratum corneum.
  • Atopic dermatitis involves barrier defects, including filaggrin mutations and ceramide deficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on ceramides in atopic dermatitis and eczema.
  • To examine genetic influences on stratum corneum lipids.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on human studies.
  • Analysis of research indexed in PubMed post-2006, including earlier relevant studies.

Main Results:

  • Ceramides are crucial lipids in epidermal barrier function.
  • Lipid disturbances, particularly insufficient ceramides, are characteristic of atopic dermatitis.
  • Filaggrin mutations are prevalent in moderate/severe atopic dermatitis.

Conclusions:

  • Ceramides play a vital role in skin barrier integrity.
  • Understanding ceramide metabolism and genetics is key for treating atopic dermatitis and eczema.