Gold nanoparticles: a paradigm shift in biomedical applications

In the medical field, majority of the active ingredients exists in the form of solid particle (90% of all medicines). Nanotechnology had grabbed the attention of many scientists working in different aspects and gave them a vivid imagination in order to utilize the nanotechnology in an innovative way according to their needs. One of the major applications of nanotechnology is drug delivery through nanoparticles which is on boom for the researchers and gives a challenging environment for the researchers. Among them upcoming challenge is the use of inorganic nanoparticles for the drug delivery and related aspects. There is growing interests in usage of inorganic nanoparticles in medicine due to their size, and unique physical properties that make them different from other nanoparticulate systems. This review will lay special emphasis on the uniqueness of inorganic nanoparticles especially gold nanoparticles as a drug delivery vehicle and moreover will present a wide spread scenario of gold nanoparticles that has been used for treatment of life threatening diseases like cancer.