Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Laparoscopic Choledochal Cyst Excision and Roux-en-Y Choledochojejunostomy in Adults
04:14

Laparoscopic Choledochal Cyst Excision and Roux-en-Y Choledochojejunostomy in Adults

Published on: February 28, 2025

Adult right-sided Bochdalek hernia with ileo-cecal appendix: Almeida-Reis hernia

C E Costa Almeida1, Luis S Reis, Carlos M Costa Almeida

  • 1Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra (Covões), Cirurgia C, Portugal.

International Journal of Surgery Case Reports
|July 23, 2013
PubMed

Insights

This case report details a rare right-sided Bochdalek hernia in an adult, containing the ileocecal appendix. This unique presentation, termed the Almeida-Reis hernia, highlights the importance of surgical intervention for diaphragmatic defects.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Medical Case Reports

Background:

  • Bochdalek hernia is a common congenital abnormality in infants but rare in adults.
  • Right-sided Bochdalek hernias with colonic involvement are uncommon.
  • A Bochdalek hernia containing an ileocecal appendix has not been previously reported in adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a rare case of a right-sided Bochdalek hernia in an adult female.
  • To describe the surgical management and outcome of this unusual presentation.
  • To introduce a new nomenclature for this specific type of hernia.

Main Methods:

  • A case study of a 49-year-old female presenting with severe respiratory failure.
  • Diagnostic imaging, likely CT scan, to identify the intrathoracic contents.
  • Surgical correction via laparotomy using a Kocher incision due to the patient's respiratory status.

Main Results:

  • The patient was found to have a right-sided Bochdalek hernia with the cecum, ileocecal appendix, and parts of the colon in the thoracic cavity.
  • Surgical repair was successfully performed.
  • The patient experienced severe respiratory failure, necessitating specific surgical approach.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical presentation and physical examination are often non-specific for Bochdalek hernias.
  • CT scan is the most accurate diagnostic tool for Bochdalek hernias.
  • Surgical repair is the definitive treatment for Bochdalek hernias, even in asymptomatic cases.
  • This case represents the first documented instance of a right-sided adult Bochdalek hernia with an ileocecal appendix, herein named Almeida-Reis hernia.
Abstract

Keywords:
Almeida-ReisBochdalekDiaphragmHerniaIleo-cecal appendix

More Related Videos

Caudal-to-cranial Approach in Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy with Complete Mesocolon Excision and D3 Lymph Node Dissection06:46

Caudal-to-cranial Approach in Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy with Complete Mesocolon Excision and D3 Lymph Node Dissection

Published on: January 9, 2026

Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
Abdominal Regions and Quadrants01:19

Abdominal Regions and Quadrants

To promote clear communication, for instance, about the location of a patient's abdominal pain or a suspicious mass, anatomists and clinicians typically use imaginary lines to categorize the abdominopelvic cavity into either four quadrants or nine regions to identify organs in the cavity.
The simpler quadrants approach, which is more commonly used in medicine, subdivides the cavity with one horizontal and one vertical line that intersects at the patient's umbilicus (navel). The four quadrants...