High-birefringence, low-loss porous fiber for single-mode terahertz-wave guidance

A new kind of polymer porous fiber with elliptical air-holes is designed for obtaining high birefringence in the terahertz (THz) frequency range in this paper. Using the finite element method, the properties of this kind of fiber are simulated in detail including the single-mode propagation condition, the birefringence, and the loss. Theoretical results indicate that the single-mode THz wave in the frequency range from 0.73 to 1.22 THz can be guided in the fiber; the birefringence can be enhanced by rotating the major axis of the elliptical air-hole and there exists an optimal rotating angle at 30°. At this optimal angle a birefringence as high as 0.0445 can be obtained in a wide frequency range. Low-loss THz guidance can be achieved owing to the effective reduction of the material absorption in such a porous fiber. This research is useful for polarization-maintaining THz-wave guidance.