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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...

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Updated: May 9, 2026

A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level
05:35

A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level

Published on: January 19, 2024

Anemia in the elderly.

Nancy Berliner1

  • 1Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Mid-Campus 3, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA. NBERLINER@PARTNERS.ORG

Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association
|July 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anemia is common in older adults and linked to worse health outcomes. Research is exploring how inflammation, erythropoietin resistance, and stem cell changes contribute to anemia in aging.

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Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People
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Published on: July 5, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Hematology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Anemia affects over 10% of individuals over 65 and over 50% of those over 80.
  • This condition, though often mild, is linked to increased morbidity and mortality in older populations.
  • Anemia independently predicts adverse outcomes in both healthy and comorbid elderly individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of anemia in the elderly.
  • To explore the pathophysiology of anemia in aging individuals, particularly unexplained anemia.
  • To present studies investigating the contributing factors to age-related anemia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of anemia in elderly populations.
  • Analysis of cohort studies assessing morbidity and mortality associated with anemia.
  • Examination of research on inflammatory pathways, erythropoietin resistance, and hematopoietic stem cell changes.

Main Results:

  • Anemia is a significant predictor of adverse outcomes in the elderly.
  • Inflammatory pathways, erythropoietin resistance, and stem cell changes are implicated in age-related anemia.
  • These factors are interrelated and contribute to the decrease in red cell mass.

Conclusions:

  • Anemia in the elderly is a serious condition associated with increased mortality.
  • Understanding the interplay of inflammation, erythropoietin resistance, and stem cell function is crucial for addressing anemia in aging.
  • Further research is needed to fully delineate the pathophysiology and develop targeted interventions.