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Related Concept Videos

Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistent Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

An Orthotopic Endometrial Cancer Model with Retroperitoneal Lymphadenopathy Made From In Vivo Propagated and Cultured VX2 Cells
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Published on: September 12, 2019

Adjuvant therapy in node-positive vulvar cancer.

Sven Mahner1, Fabian Trillsch, Lilli Kock

  • 1Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.

Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy
|July 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Vulvar cancer incidence is rising, especially in younger patients. This review examines adjuvant therapy for vulvar cancer patients with positive lymph nodes, highlighting the need for further research.

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Multispectral Real-time Fluorescence Imaging for Intraoperative Detection of the Sentinel Lymph Node in Gynecologic Oncology

Published on: October 20, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Cancer Research
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Vulvar cancer incidence is increasing, with a notable decrease in the age of onset.
  • Positive lymph node status in the groins is the most critical prognostic factor for vulvar cancer patients, significantly impacting survival.
  • Current guidelines for adjuvant therapy after primary tumor resection and groin surgery remain debated, particularly for patients with limited nodal involvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing evidence on therapeutic approaches for vulvar cancer.
  • To discuss the potential indications for adjuvant treatment in vulvar cancer patients.
  • To identify the need for future clinical trials based on current data.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing evidence on vulvar cancer treatment.
  • Analysis of prognostic factors, focusing on lymph node status.
  • Evaluation of current adjuvant therapy criteria and their limitations.

Main Results:

  • Patients with one positive lymph node (macrometastasis) show a significantly worse outcome than previously considered.
  • Current adjuvant radiotherapy is typically reserved for patients with two or more positive lymph nodes.
  • Evidence suggests that patients with a single nodal macrometastasis may benefit from adjuvant treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Adjuvant therapy decisions for vulvar cancer require re-evaluation, especially for patients with one positive lymph node.
  • Further clinical trials are necessary to establish optimal adjuvant treatment strategies for vulvar cancer.
  • Personalized treatment approaches may be indicated based on individual patient risk factors and nodal status.