Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and produces two-second...
What are Second Messengers?01:12

What are Second Messengers?

Because many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic, they do not cross the cell membrane and thus their message must be relayed to a second messenger on the inside. There are several second messenger pathways, each with their own way of relaying information. G-protein coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol path is active when the receptor induces phospholipase C to hydrolyze the phospholipid,...
Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers01:15

Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers

Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed by second messengers present in the cell cytoplasm. There are several second messenger pathways, each with its own way of relaying information. For example, the G protein-coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol pathway is active when the receptor induces...
Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors01:27

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sphingolipid regulation by yeast Mdm1 supports adaptive remodeling of the methionine transporter Mup1.

Molecular biology of the cell·2026
Same author

Sphingolipid regulation by yeast Mdm1 supports adaptive remodeling of the methionine transporter Mup1.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Diet-induced phospholipid remodeling dictates ferroptosis sensitivity and tumorigenesis in the pancreas.

Cancer discovery·2026
Same author

Metabolic plasticity of sphingolipids governs cancer cell fitness in acidic tumor ecosystems.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

An integrative approach to studying sphingolipid metabolism reveals p53 as a master regulator of the pathway.

Journal of lipid research·2026
Same author

DDHD2 possesses both lipase and transacylase capacities that remodel triglyceride acyl chains.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

A Pipeline to Investigate the Structures and Signaling Pathways of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors
12:27

A Pipeline to Investigate the Structures and Signaling Pathways of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors

Published on: June 8, 2022

Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2.

Mohamad Adada1, Daniel Canals, Yusuf A Hannun

  • 1Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USA.

The FEBS Journal
|July 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid regulating cell functions. This review details S1P receptors (S1PRs), focusing on S1PR2

Keywords:
JTE013S1P knockout mouseS1PR2SID46371153cancerceramideezrinsphingolipid diseasessphingolipidssphingosine 1-phosphate

More Related Videos

Assessing Cellular Target Engagement by SHP2 (PTPN11) Phosphatase Inhibitors
08:45

Assessing Cellular Target Engagement by SHP2 (PTPN11) Phosphatase Inhibitors

Published on: July 17, 2020

Construction of Model Lipid Membranes Incorporating G-protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs)
09:45

Construction of Model Lipid Membranes Incorporating G-protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs)

Published on: February 5, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

A Pipeline to Investigate the Structures and Signaling Pathways of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors
12:27

A Pipeline to Investigate the Structures and Signaling Pathways of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors

Published on: June 8, 2022

Assessing Cellular Target Engagement by SHP2 (PTPN11) Phosphatase Inhibitors
08:45

Assessing Cellular Target Engagement by SHP2 (PTPN11) Phosphatase Inhibitors

Published on: July 17, 2020

Construction of Model Lipid Membranes Incorporating G-protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs)
09:45

Construction of Model Lipid Membranes Incorporating G-protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs)

Published on: February 5, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a crucial bioactive sphingolipid.
  • S1P influences fundamental cellular processes including proliferation, angiogenesis, and inflammation.
  • S1P exerts its functions via intracellular targets or by activating G protein-coupled receptors (S1PRs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the functional characteristics of all five S1P receptors (S1PRs).
  • To emphasize the critical role of S1PR2 across multiple physiological systems.
  • To explore S1PR2's involvement in tumor progression and metastasis.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of existing literature on S1P and its receptors.
  • Analysis of S1PRs' distribution, G protein coupling, and functional outcomes.
  • Focus on S1PR2's specific contributions to various biological systems and disease states.

Main Results:

  • All five S1PRs exhibit distinct cellular and tissue distributions.
  • Each S1PR is coupled to specific G proteins, mediating unique cellular functions.
  • S1PR2 plays a critical role in immune, nervous, metabolic, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and renal systems.

Conclusions:

  • S1PR2 is a key regulator in numerous physiological and pathological processes.
  • Understanding S1PR2 function offers insights into disease mechanisms.
  • Targeting S1PR2 presents potential therapeutic strategies for cancer and other diseases.