[Anatomy of pi in TCM]

Description about pi's (spleen) morphology, size, color and weight in Neijing and Nanjing conformed to that in anatomy. Most Chinese doctors inherited this opinion and it was also the mainstream viewpoint in TCM. While pi described by the famous doctor Wang Qingren actually was the pancreatic gland, which was not accepted by later generations. Zhang Shouyi, a doctor in modern times, thought pi in TCM should include the spleen and the pancreatic gland. This viewpoint was quoted and identified by many people, but it couldn't be right according to anatomy and research by the ancients. In TCM, people got anatomic knowledge in practice and pi should refer to the spleen in modern anatomy.