IL-10, TNF-α & IFN-γ: potential early biomarkers for preeclampsia

The present study was designed to evaluate levels of IL4, IL10, TNF-α & IFN-γ at early second trimester and 24h from delivery to assess potential correlation of cytokine variation with preeclampsia. A total of 176 consecutive healthy, normotensive primigravidas with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies were recruited at 14-18weeks of gestation. Serum cytokine levels were estimated at recruitment and 24h from delivery. In present study, 14(7.95%) women developed preeclampsia. Levels of IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ (Mean±SE) at recruitment were statistically significantly lower in preeclamptic group (39.21±9.46pg/mL, 73.57±13.37pg/mL and 0.70±0.20pg/mL, respectively) than non-preeclamptic group (86.02±4.55pg/mL, 601.37±63.54pg/mL and 1.67±0.08pg/mL, respectively) (p<0.05). In preeclamptic group, IL-4 and TNF-α levels (Mean±SE) were significantly higher 24h from delivery (5.35±0.95pg/mL and 381.21±43.28pg/mL, respectively) than at recruitment (2.39±0.71pg/mL and 73.57±13.37pg/mL) (p=0.019 and 0.0001, respectively) while IL-10 and IFN-γ levels decreased after delivery but the change was not statistically significant. Therefore, the levels of IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ between 14 and 18weeks of gestation may act as potential early biomarkers in the diagnosis of preeclampsia.