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Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview

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Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...

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Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Wireless Telemetry Device Implantation in a Fontan Ovine Model for Continuous and Long-Term Hemodynamic Monitoring

Wireless Telemetry Device Implantation in a Fontan Ovine Model for Continuous and Long-Term Hemodynamic Monitoring

Published on: May 2, 2025

Long-term issues after the Fontan procedure.

Marion E McRae¹

¹Advanced Health Sciences Pavilion, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. marion.mcrae@cshs.org

AACN Advanced Critical Care

|July 25, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The Fontan procedure, a treatment for congenital heart defects, can lead to long-term health issues in adults due to altered circulation. This review details Fontan physiology, complications, and management strategies for improved patient outcomes.

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Wireless Telemetry Device Implantation in a Fontan Ovine Model for Continuous and Long-Term Hemodynamic Monitoring

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Published on: May 2, 2025

Quantifying Inferior Vena Cava Compliance and Distensibility in an In Vivo Ovine Model Using 3D Angiography

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Published on: April 26, 2024

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Adult Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

The Fontan procedure corrects complex congenital heart defects, enabling survival into adulthood.
Fontan circulation physiology presents unique long-term health challenges for adult survivors.
Understanding these challenges is crucial for lifelong patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the different types of Fontan procedures and their physiological consequences.
To outline the sequelae of Fontan circulation, including single-ventricle physiology and systemic venous hypertension.
To discuss nursing assessments, treatment strategies, and emerging solutions for Fontan patients.

Main Methods:

Literature review of Fontan procedure types and associated physiological changes.
Analysis of sequelae such as nonpulsatile pulmonary perfusion and intracardiac scarring.
Synthesis of information on nursing care, medical management, and surgical options.

Main Results:

Identified four types of Fontan procedures and their specific impacts.
Detailed the chronic physiological alterations and their clinical manifestations.
Summarized current and potential future management approaches.

Conclusions:

Fontan survivors face progressive health issues requiring specialized, lifelong care.
Early identification of complications and tailored interventions are key to managing Fontan physiology.
Further research and innovative treatments are needed to improve long-term outcomes and quality of life.