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Severe viral gastroenteritis in children after suboptimal rotavirus immunization in Taiwan

Shih-Yen Chen1, Chi-Neu Tsai, Chyi-Liang Chen

  • 1From the *Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital; †Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine; ‡Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; §Department of Biotechnology, Min-Chuan University; and ¶Genomic Medical Research Core Lab and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|July 25, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus vaccine use in Taiwan

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Investigated the molecular epidemiology of severe viral gastroenteritis (AGE) in children in Taiwan.
  • Focused on the period following the introduction of rotavirus vaccine in the private sector.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of rotavirus vaccination on the prevalence of severe AGE in children.
  • To analyze changes in the molecular epidemiology of enteric viral pathogens post-vaccine implementation.

Main Methods:

  • Collected fecal samples from hospitalized children with severe AGE (April 2004-March 2011).
  • Utilized reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify viral pathogens.
  • Compared prevaccine and postvaccine periods to analyze viral prevalence and disease burden.

Main Results:

  • Enteric viruses were detected in 77.6% of 755 samples.
  • A significant increase in norovirus infection was observed in the postvaccine period (P < 0.001).
  • Rotavirus infection in infants showed a substantial reduction (P = 0.056), with a decline in coinfections.

Conclusions:

  • Suboptimal private sector rotavirus vaccine uptake led to a modest impact on rotavirus AGE.
  • Norovirus infection emerged as a more common cause of severe gastroenteritis in children post-vaccination.
Abstract

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