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Related Concept Videos

Tagging and Fusion Proteins01:24

Tagging and Fusion Proteins

Proteins are involved in several cellular processes and biochemical reactions. Analyzing a specific protein of interest requires it to be isolated from the other proteins in the cell. This is achieved by overexpressing the specific gene in a suitable host to produce large quantities of the target protein. A tag or label is recombined with the gene to produce a fusion protein containing the target protein and the tag. The tags on these fusion proteins can then be used for easy detection and...
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A Cre-Lox P Recombination Approach for the Detection of Cell Fusion In Vivo
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Published on: January 4, 2012

Class II fusion proteins.

Yorgo Modis1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. yorgo.modis@yale.edu

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|July 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Class II fusion proteins mediate viral entry by inserting a fusion loop into host membranes. This drives viral and host membranes together, enabling genome delivery and replication.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Structural Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Enveloped viruses require fusion proteins for entry into host cells.
  • Viral fusion proteins are essential for delivering the viral genome into the cytoplasm for replication.
  • Class II fusion proteins, though distinct from Class I, utilize similar physical principles for membrane fusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of membrane fusion mediated by class II fusion proteins.
  • To understand the role of pH-triggered conformational changes in viral entry.
  • To investigate the structural rearrangements driving viral-host membrane interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of fusion protein structure and function.
  • Investigating the role of conserved hydrophobic residues in the fusion loop.
  • Studying the pH-dependent conformational changes and trimerization of fusion proteins.

Main Results:

  • Class II fusion proteins insert a fusion loop into the host cell membrane.
  • A subsequent protein fold-back mechanism brings viral and host membranes into close proximity.
  • pH-triggered domain rearrangement and trimerization release energy, driving membrane bending and fusion.

Conclusions:

  • Class II fusion proteins employ a unique domain rearrangement mechanism for membrane fusion.
  • The process is initiated by fusion loop insertion and completed by pH-induced structural changes.
  • This mechanism facilitates enveloped virus entry and subsequent replication within host cells.