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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis
06:19

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Published on: January 7, 2018

Feeding issues in IUGR preterm infants.

Valentina Bozzetti1, Paolo E Tagliabue, Gerard H A Visser

  • 1Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, MBBM Foundation, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.

Early Human Development
|July 27, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Early enteral feeding is safe for infants with intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR). Breast milk may protect against necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), suggesting a shift from delayed feeding practices in neonatal care.

Keywords:
ACOGAGAAREDAmerican College of Obstetricians and GynecologistsBSBWBrain sparingFEFFeeding toleranceIUGRMCAMEFNECNICUNIRSNecrotizing enterocolitisPISGATPNU/CUAVLBWabsent/reverse end-diastolic flowadequate for gestationalbirth weightbrain sparingcerebroplacental ratiofull enteral feedingintra-uterine growth restrictionmiddle cerebral arteryminimal enteral feedingnear infrared spectroscopynecrotizing enterocolitisneonatal intensive care unitpulsatility indexsmall for gestational agetotal parenteral nutritionumbilical arteryvery low birth weight

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Neonatology
  • Fetal Development and Adaptation
  • Gastrointestinal Physiology in Neonates

Background:

  • Intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common obstetric complication.
  • Placental dysfunction in IUGR can cause fetal cardiovascular adaptation (brain-sparing effect), potentially impairing gut function.
  • IUGR preterm infants have a higher incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current feeding practices for infants with IUGR.
  • To discuss the safety and potential benefits of early enteral feeding.
  • To explore future monitoring strategies for initiating feeding.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent clinical trials and available data on feeding IUGR infants.
  • Analysis of the impact of placental dysfunction on fetal development and neonatal outcomes.
  • Discussion of emerging monitoring techniques (Doppler, regional saturation).

Main Results:

  • Early enteral feeding in IUGR infants is demonstrated to be safe.
  • Breast milk may provide a protective effect against NEC in IUGR infants.
  • Delayed feeding is a traditional but potentially suboptimal practice.

Conclusions:

  • Early enteral nutrition is a viable and safe approach for IUGR infants.
  • Breast milk feeding should be encouraged to potentially reduce NEC risk.
  • Advanced monitoring may guide individualized feeding strategies in IUGR neonates.