Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 9, 2026

In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio
Published on: August 24, 2013
From pediatric covariate model to semiphysiological function for maturation: part I-extrapolation of a covariate
E H J Krekels1, M Neely, E Panoilia
11] Division of Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands [2] Department of Pediatric Intensive Care and Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
New approaches to expedite the development of safe and effective pediatric dosing regimens and first-in-child doses are urgently needed. Model-based approaches require quantitative functions on the maturation of different metabolic pathways. In this study, we directly incorporated a pediatric covariate model for the glucuronidation of morphine into a pediatric population model for zidovudine glucuronidation. This model was compared with a reference model that gave the statistically best description of the data. Both models had adequate goodness-of-fit plots and normalized prediction distribution errors (NPDE), similar population clearance values for each individual, and a Δobjective function value of 13 points (Δ2df). This supports our hypothesis that pediatric pharmacokinetic covariate models contain system-specific information that can be used as semiphysiological functions in pediatric population models. Further research should explore the validity of the semiphysiological function for other UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 substrates and patient populations and reveal how this function can be used for pediatric physiologically based pharmacokinetic models.CPT: Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology (2012) 1, e9; doi:10.1038/psp.2012.11; advance online publication 3 October 2012.
More Related Videos
08:03Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
Published on: November 4, 2025
06:55Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting (Propensity Score) using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
Published on: January 8, 2020
Related Concept Videos
Pharmacodynamic Models: Additive and Proportional Drug Effect Model
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion
Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Model Components
Pharmacodynamic Models: Overview
Pharmacodynamic Models: Linear Concentration–Effect Model