Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels
05:31

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels

Published on: August 7, 2017

Possible predictors of cardiorespiratory events after immunization in preterm neonates

Tiphaine Mialet-Marty1, Alain Beuchée, Wissal Ben Jmaa

  • 1INSERM, U1099, Rennes, France.

Neonatology
|July 27, 2013
PubMed

Insights

First immunizations increase cardiorespiratory events in very preterm infants, linked to sympathetic nervous system dominance and immature respiratory control. These events correlate with pre-immunization autonomic and respiratory patterns.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • The impact of early immunizations on cardiorespiratory (CR) stability in very preterm infants remains debated.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for infant well-being and clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze immunization-induced changes in heart and respiratory rate variability (HRV-RRV).
  • To investigate associations between pre-immunization CR profiles and subsequent CR events post-vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • Continuous 72-hour CR monitoring and 2.5-hour polysomnography in very preterm infants post-7 weeks.
  • Analysis focused on heart rate variability (HRV) and respiratory rate variability (RRV) parameters.

Main Results:

  • Immunization in 31 infants (gestation 28 weeks) increased events like bradycardia, desaturation, and combined bradycardia-desaturation (p < 0.01).
  • Changes in these events correlated with pre-immunization HRV (LF/HF ratio, entropy) and respiratory patterns.
  • Mild HRV changes and no RRV changes were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Post-immunization CR events are linked to sympathetic predominance (high LF/HF ratio) and HRV oversimplification (low entropy).
  • Persistent respiratory immaturity (high pre-immunization events) also contributes to increased CR events after vaccination.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

Related Concept Videos

Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications01:19

Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications

Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation01:19

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...