Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses01:22

Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses

The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity. 
Graded and Abrupt Responses
Some signaling systems generate...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Intracellular Signaling Cascades01:24

Intracellular Signaling Cascades

Once a ligand binds to a receptor, the signal is transmitted through the membrane and into the cytoplasm. The continuation of a signal in this manner is called signal transduction. Signal transduction only occurs with cell-surface receptors, which cannot interact with most components of the cell, such as DNA. Only internal receptors can interact directly with DNA in the nucleus to initiate protein synthesis. When a ligand binds to its receptor, conformational changes occur that affect the...
Intracellular Signaling Cascades01:24

Intracellular Signaling Cascades

Once a ligand binds to a receptor, the signal is transmitted through the membrane and into the cytoplasm. The continuation of a signal in this manner is called signal transduction. Signal transduction only occurs with cell-surface receptors, which cannot interact with most components of the cell, such as DNA. Only internal receptors can interact directly with DNA in the nucleus to initiate protein synthesis. When a ligand binds to its receptor, conformational changes occur that affect the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evidence-based multidisciplinary model of care for newborn screening in spinal muscular atrophy.

Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics·2026
Same author

Response to Rattanapitoon et al., "Serum 7αC4 as a pragmatic diagnostic tool for bile acid malabsorption in Mexico: Implications and future directions".

Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)·2025
Same author

The Epidemiology of Healthcare-Acquired Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Among Hospitalised Paediatric Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Influenza and other respiratory viruses·2025
Same author

Psychometric validation of comprehensive coordination scale to assess the advanced coordination ability in people with stroke.

European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine·2025
Same author

Real-world experience with the diagnosis of bile acid malabsorption (BAM) using serum 7-alpha-C4 and 48-hour stool bile acids.

Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)·2025
Same author

Limit of detection of <i>Salmonella</i> ser. Enteritidis using culture-based versus culture-independent diagnostic approaches.

Microbiology spectrum·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Optogenetic Signaling Activation in Zebrafish Embryos
07:18

Optogenetic Signaling Activation in Zebrafish Embryos

Published on: October 27, 2023

Can intracellular signalling pathways predict developmental abnormalities?

T A Slotkin, C Lau, S E Lappi

    Biomarkers : Biochemical Indicators of Exposure, Response, and Susceptibility to Chemicals
    |July 30, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study shows that adenylyl cyclase and c-fos mRNA expression in fetal rats can detect developmental effects of drugs like terbutaline and dexamethasone. These pathways may serve as early biomarkers for abnormal development.

    More Related Videos

    The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions
    07:34

    The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions

    Published on: February 16, 2017

    Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development
    09:32

    Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development

    Published on: June 15, 2017

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 9, 2026

    Optogenetic Signaling Activation in Zebrafish Embryos
    07:18

    Optogenetic Signaling Activation in Zebrafish Embryos

    Published on: October 27, 2023

    The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions
    07:34

    The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions

    Published on: February 16, 2017

    Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development
    09:32

    Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development

    Published on: June 15, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Biology
    • Pharmacology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • The adenylyl cyclase/c-fos protooncogene cascade is crucial for cell differentiation.
    • Detecting developmental effects of various compounds on fetal development is essential.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the sensitivity of adenylyl cyclase and c-fos mRNA expression to terbutaline and dexamethasone in fetal rats.
    • To explore the potential of these pathways as early biomarkers for abnormal development.

    Main Methods:

    • Administered terbutaline (β-adrenergic agonist) and dexamethasone (glucocorticoid) to pregnant rats on specific gestational days.
    • Measured adenylyl cyclase activity and c-fos protooncogene mRNA expression in fetal rat tissues.
    • Utilized forskolin-Mn(2+) to assess total catalytic activity of adenylyl cyclase.

    Main Results:

    • Acute terbutaline administration induced a sixfold increase in c-fos mRNA within 1 hour.
    • Dexamethasone treatment over three days mimicked the c-fos mRNA induction seen with terbutaline or cAMP.
    • Dexamethasone enhanced basal and total adenylyl cyclase activity by 50% on gestational day 14.

    Conclusions:

    • Cell signaling pathways controlling gene expression for cell differentiation are sensitive to diverse drugs.
    • The adenylyl cyclase/c-fos cascade shows potential as an early biomarker for detecting chemically induced abnormal fetal development.