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Published on: September 26, 2018
Comparison of cardiovascular risk calculation tools in pharmacy practice
Nicole D White1, Thomas L Lenz, Maryann Z Skrabal
1School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA. nicolewhite@creighton.edu
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : Japha
|July 30, 2013
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk calculators vary. Non-lab-based tools yield higher CVD risk estimates than lab-based ones. Pharmacists should consistently use the same CVD risk tool version for accurate patient management.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice
- Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment
- Health Outcomes Research
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk calculators are essential tools in clinical practice.
- The variability in risk estimates from different calculators can impact patient management decisions.
- Understanding the performance of these tools in real-world settings, such as pharmacy practice, is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the application and discrepancies of various cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk estimation calculators within a pharmacy practice setting.
- To compare risk estimates generated by different types of CVD risk calculators (lab-based vs. non-lab-based, electronic vs. paper).
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal cohort study was conducted with university employees diagnosed with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes.
- Data from a pharmacist-run chronic disease management program were used to apply multiple CVD risk estimation calculators.
- Differences in estimated 10-year CVD risk percentages were analyzed between various tools at baseline and 12 months.
Main Results:
- Non-lab-based CVD risk calculators consistently reported significantly higher 10-year risk percentages compared to lab-based calculators.
- At baseline, non-lab-based tools estimated 10.63% risk versus 8.71% for lab-based tools (P < 0.001).
- The electronic version of a CVD risk tool yielded higher estimates (7.31%) than its paper version (6.60%) at 12 months (P = 0.018).
Conclusions:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk estimation tools produce significantly different and non-interchangeable values.
- Pharmacists utilizing non-lab-based tools should anticipate higher risk estimates compared to lab-based tools.
- Consistent, long-term use of the same version of a CVD risk estimation tool is recommended for reliable patient monitoring and management.
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