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Risk factors for coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease

Ahmad Saeed Azhar1, Amjed Al-Attas

  • 1Pediatric Department, Faculty of medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Medicinski Glasnik : Official Publication of the Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina
|July 30, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Kawasaki disease (KD) in children can lead to coronary artery lesions (CAL). Atypical KD, male gender, prolonged fever, and delayed IVIG treatment are significant risk factors for CAL development.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Kawasaki disease (KD) is a leading cause of acquired heart disease in children.
  • Coronary artery lesions (CAL) are a serious complication of KD.
  • Identifying risk factors for CAL is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine risk factors for coronary artery lesions (CAL) in pediatric patients with Kawasaki disease (KD).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 44 pediatric patients with KD.
  • Analysis of demographic and clinical data.
  • Calculation of odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Coronary artery lesions (CAL) were present in 59.1% of patients.
  • Risk factors for CAL included atypical KD, male gender, fever duration >5 days, and delayed IVIG treatment (after 10 days).
  • Delayed IVIG infusion showed a significant association with CAL (OR 5.6, P=0.6 - *Note: The provided abstract has a typo here, P-value should likely be <0.05 for significance, but adhering to provided text.*)

Conclusions:

  • Atypical Kawasaki disease (KD) requires careful consideration in pediatric patients.
  • Early administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is essential to reduce the incidence of coronary artery lesions (CAL).
Abstract

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