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Related Concept Videos

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
What is the Skeletal System?01:02

What is the Skeletal System?

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Laser Capture Microdissection of Mouse Embryonic Cartilage and Bone for Gene Expression Analysis
09:20

Laser Capture Microdissection of Mouse Embryonic Cartilage and Bone for Gene Expression Analysis

Published on: December 18, 2019

Familial osteopoikilosis.

Ahmet Boyaci1, Nurefsan Boyaci, Ahmet Tutoglu

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harran University Medical School, Sanliurfa, Turkey.

Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation
|July 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Osteopoikilosis is a rare inherited bone disorder causing dense spots on X-rays. This case report details a father and daughter diagnosed with osteopoikilosis, highlighting its autosomal inheritance pattern.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Genetics
  • Skeletal Dysplasias
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Osteopoikilosis (OPK) is a rare, autosomal dominant, benign sclerosing bone dysplasia.
  • Its etiology remains largely unknown.
  • OPK is typically discovered incidentally during radiological examinations.

Observation:

  • A 56-year-old male presented with low back pain.
  • Radiological imaging revealed multiple, small, well-defined sclerotic bone lesions characteristic of OPK.
  • The patient's daughter was also diagnosed with OPK.

Findings:

  • The case report confirms the presence of osteopoikilosis in a father and daughter.
  • This observation supports the autosomal inheritance pattern of the condition.
  • The clinical presentation included low back pain, suggesting potential symptoms associated with OPK.

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Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis
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Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis

Published on: June 24, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Laser Capture Microdissection of Mouse Embryonic Cartilage and Bone for Gene Expression Analysis
09:20

Laser Capture Microdissection of Mouse Embryonic Cartilage and Bone for Gene Expression Analysis

Published on: December 18, 2019

Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis
14:55

Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis

Published on: June 24, 2018

Implications:

  • This case contributes to the understanding of osteopoikilosis inheritance and presentation.
  • Further research into the etiology and clinical manifestations of OPK is warranted.
  • Awareness of OPK's familial occurrence is important for genetic counseling and diagnosis.