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Related Concept Videos

Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction01:26

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis
10:52

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis

Published on: December 17, 2010

Addison's disease and its associations.

Amar Puttanna1, Alana Rosaleen Cunningham, Philip Dainty

  • 1Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, UK. amarputtanna@doctors.org.uk

BMJ Case Reports
|July 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Addison's disease, a rare endocrine disorder causing adrenal insufficiency, often presents with weight loss and vomiting, delaying diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of considering Addison's disease in patients with unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms and associated autoimmune conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis
10:52

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis

Published on: December 17, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Autoimmunology

Background:

  • Addison's disease is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by adrenal insufficiency.
  • It is frequently linked with other autoimmune conditions, particularly autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APS) types 1 and 2.
  • Diagnosis can be delayed due to non-specific symptoms like weight loss and vomiting, leading to multiple specialist referrals.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with persistent vomiting and weight loss, initially referred to gastrointestinal services.
  • The patient had a history suggestive of other endocrine and autoimmune disorders.
  • Acute medical admission was required before the diagnosis was established.

Findings:

  • Biochemical testing confirmed a diagnosis of Addison's disease.
  • The patient exhibited symptoms consistent with adrenal insufficiency.
  • Associated endocrine and autoimmune conditions were identified in the patient.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering Addison's disease in the differential diagnosis of unexplained weight loss and vomiting.
  • Early recognition and diagnosis of Addison's disease are crucial for timely management and preventing acute complications.
  • Recognizing the association between Addison's disease and other autoimmune conditions can aid in comprehensive patient assessment and care.