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Reducing Willow Wood Fuel Emission by Low Temperature Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization
09:46

Reducing Willow Wood Fuel Emission by Low Temperature Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization

Published on: May 19, 2019

Direct microwave-assisted hydrothermal depolymerization of cellulose.

Jiajun Fan1, Mario De bruyn, Vitaliy L Budarin

  • 1Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 31, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microwave irradiation efficiently converts microcrystalline cellulose into glucose. The study proposes a mechanism involving cellulose

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Area of Science:

  • Biomass Conversion
  • Microwave Chemistry
  • Cellulose Hydrolysis

Background:

  • Microcrystalline cellulose is a key biomass component.
  • Efficient conversion of cellulose to valuable products like glucose is crucial for biorefineries.
  • Understanding the interaction of microwave irradiation with cellulose is essential for optimizing conversion processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically investigate the interaction of microwave irradiation with microcrystalline cellulose.
  • To elucidate the mechanism governing microwave-assisted cellulose conversion.
  • To explain experimental observations related to glucose yield and selectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Microwave irradiation of microcrystalline cellulose at temperatures ranging from 150 to 270 °C.
  • Analysis of liquid and solid products using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ((13)C NMR), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), CHN elemental analysis, and hydrogen-deuterium exchange.
  • Development of a mechanistic model based on experimental data.

Main Results:

  • A mechanism for microwave-cellulose interaction was proposed, highlighting the role of CH2OH group mobility.
  • The efficiency of microwave treatment, selectivity, and yield of glucose were found to depend on microwave density.
  • A high glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) ratio was observed, influenced by cellulose crystallinity.
  • Highest selectivity toward glucose reached approximately 75%, with a maximum glucose yield of 21%.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed mechanism explains key experimental observations in microwave-assisted cellulose conversion.
  • The degree of freedom of cellulose's CH2OH groups is critical for the interaction mechanism.
  • Microwave irradiation offers an efficient pathway for cellulose hydrolysis, with tunable selectivity and yield based on process parameters and material properties.