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Prevalence of associated disorders in Indian patients with celiac disease
Sandeep Nijhawan1, Prashant Katiyar, Neeraj Nagaich
1Department of Gastroenterology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, J L N Marg, Jaipur 302 004, India. dr_nijhawan@yahoo.com
Insights
Celiac disease (CD) in Indian patients is frequently linked with other conditions. Liver disease, type 1 diabetes, and hypothyroidism are common comorbidities requiring active screening in celiac disease diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disorder with potential links to other immune-related conditions.
- Understanding the prevalence of associated diseases in celiac patients is crucial for comprehensive patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence of various concomitant diseases in a cohort of celiac disease patients in northern India.
- To identify common and rare comorbidities associated with celiac disease in this specific population.
Main Methods:
- Prospective evaluation of 363 patients diagnosed with celiac disease using modified ESPGHAN criteria.
- Systematic assessment for associated diseases, including liver diseases, type 1 diabetes, and hypothyroidism.
Main Results:
- 19.2% of celiac disease patients had one or more associated diseases.
- Liver diseases were the most common comorbidity (33 patients with portal hypertension), followed by type 1 diabetes (13 patients) and hypothyroidism (11 patients).
- Atypical, non-diarrheal presentations were observed in 29% of patients.
Conclusions:
- Associated comorbid diseases are common in Indian celiac disease patients.
- Active screening for comorbidities is recommended in the management of celiac disease in India.
Abstract:
Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disorder that may be associated with various diseases that share a similar pathogenic immune mechanism. This study reports on the prevalence of various diseases in a cohort of CD patients in northern India. Patients diagnosed with CD based on modified ESPGHAN criteria were prospectively evaluated for associated concomitant diseases. Of the 363 patients evaluated, 207 (57.0 %) were male. The mean age was 19 years. Seventy-one percent of patients presented with typical diarrheal disease, while 29 % presented with atypical nondiarrheal disease. One or more associated diseases were noted in 70 (19.2 %) patients. Liver diseases were the most common association. Portal hypertension was present in 33 (9 %) patients; chronic liver disease was the underlying cause in 17 patients, while noncirrhotic causes were noted in 16 patients. Type 1 diabetes was seen in 13 and hypothyroidism in 11 patients. Other unreported or rarely reported associated diseases were also found in some of the patients. Associated comorbid diseases are common, and may need to be actively screened, in Indian CD patients.
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