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Related Concept Videos

Key Elements for Plant Nutrition02:35

Key Elements for Plant Nutrition

Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the atmosphere, the...
Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding01:15

Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding

Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
Nasointestinal Feeding
Nasointestinal feeding involves placing a tube through...
Bioavailability Enhancement: Determination and Conceptual Approaches in Overcoming Bioavailability Problems01:22

Bioavailability Enhancement: Determination and Conceptual Approaches in Overcoming Bioavailability Problems

Bioavailability is a critical pharmacological concept that measures the extent and rate at which an active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety enters the systemic circulation, remaining unchanged. It's a pivotal factor in determining a drug's efficacy and safety.The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) plays an essential role in drug development by categorizing drugs into four classes based on their solubility and permeability. This classification aids in understanding drug absorption...
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
Absorption of Nutrients01:19

Absorption of Nutrients

Absorption refers to taking dietary nutrients from the intestinal lumen for transportation throughout the body. After digestion in the small intestine, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down into simpler forms. These essential macronutrients and other vital substances, such as vitamins, minerals, and water, are then prepared for absorption into the bloodstream.
Enterocytes, which are specialized polar epithelial cells, line the mucosa of the small intestinal walls. These cells...
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Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements

Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Assessing Mineral Availability in Fish Feeds using Complementary Methods Demonstrated with the Example of Zinc in Atlantic Salmon
04:54

Assessing Mineral Availability in Fish Feeds using Complementary Methods Demonstrated with the Example of Zinc in Atlantic Salmon

Published on: October 29, 2021

[Nutrient supplements--possibilities and limitations: part 2].

Alexander Ströhle1, Maike Wolters, Andreas Hahn

  • 1Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Humanernährung, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover. stroehle@nutrition.uni-hannover.de

Medizinische Monatsschrift Fur Pharmazeuten
|August 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pregnant women require increased micronutrients, including folic acid, crucial for preventing neural tube defects. Supplementation with synthetic folic acid significantly reduces risks for both primary and secondary prevention.

More Related Videos

Hydroponics: A Versatile System to Study Nutrient Allocation and Plant Responses to Nutrient Availability and Exposure to Toxic Elements
09:13

Hydroponics: A Versatile System to Study Nutrient Allocation and Plant Responses to Nutrient Availability and Exposure to Toxic Elements

Published on: July 13, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Assessing Mineral Availability in Fish Feeds using Complementary Methods Demonstrated with the Example of Zinc in Atlantic Salmon
04:54

Assessing Mineral Availability in Fish Feeds using Complementary Methods Demonstrated with the Example of Zinc in Atlantic Salmon

Published on: October 29, 2021

Hydroponics: A Versatile System to Study Nutrient Allocation and Plant Responses to Nutrient Availability and Exposure to Toxic Elements
09:13

Hydroponics: A Versatile System to Study Nutrient Allocation and Plant Responses to Nutrient Availability and Exposure to Toxic Elements

Published on: July 13, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health

Context:

  • Pregnancy involves significant physiological changes, increasing maternal requirements for vitamins and minerals.
  • Energy needs rise by approximately 10%, alongside increased demands for iodine, iron, vitamin D, and docosahexaenoic acid.
  • Micronutrient status is critical, with pregnant women facing a higher risk of deficiencies.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the critical role of folic acid during pregnancy.
  • To differentiate the bioavailability of food folate versus synthetic folic acid.
  • To outline recommended folic acid intake for preventing neural tube defects.

Summary:

  • Folic acid is essential during pregnancy due to increased metabolic demands and its role in preventing neural tube defects (NTDs).
  • Synthetic folic acid offers higher bioavailability (~100%) compared to food folate (~50%).
  • Folic acid acts as a coenzyme in crucial metabolic pathways, including amino acid and nucleotide synthesis.

Impact:

  • Folic acid supplementation reduces the overall risk of NTDs by 72%.
  • Primary prevention involves 400-800 micrograms of synthetic folic acid daily for women planning pregnancy, continuing through the first trimester.
  • Secondary prevention for NTDs requires a higher intake of 4 mg/day.