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Related Experiment Videos

Respiratory muscle function during obstructive sleep apnea.

P G Wilcox1, P D Paré, J D Road

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

The American Review of Respiratory Disease
|September 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) involves airway obstruction during sleep. This study found no consistent link between diaphragm fatigue and apnea termination, suggesting other reflexes may be involved in ending apneas.

Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) involves repeated upper airway obstruction during sleep.
  • Inspiratory muscles may experience fatiguing loads during apneas, potentially influencing apnea termination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess respiratory muscle function in OSA patients during sleep.
  • To determine if diaphragm fatigue, indicated by the pressure-time index (PTI), consistently relates to obstructive sleep apnea termination.

Main Methods:

  • Measured transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) and breathing patterns in six male OSA patients during sleep.
  • Analyzed diaphragm pressure-time index (PTI) in relation to apnea termination.

Main Results:

  • Significant intersubject variability in Pdi generation during apneas.

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  • No consistent PTI threshold was found to be associated with apnea termination.
  • Prolonged apneas showed a plateaued respiratory duty cycle, suggesting inhibitory reflexes.
  • Varied inspiratory and expiratory muscle recruitment patterns were observed.
  • The diaphragm was the primary inspiratory muscle in most, but intercostal/accessory muscles in some.
  • Increased gastric pressure and inward abdominal movement indicated abdominal muscle recruitment.

    • Conclusions:

    • Apnea termination in OSA is not consistently linked to diaphragm fatigue.
    • Inhibitory reflexes and diverse respiratory muscle recruitment patterns play roles in managing apneas.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of apnea termination in OSA.