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Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study
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Published on: August 18, 2020

Cognitive impairments in poly-drug ketamine users.

H J Liang1, C G Lau, A Tang

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Addictive Behaviors
|August 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Cognitive impairments in verbal and visual memory persist in former ketamine poly-drug users. This study highlights the lasting effects of ketamine and other substance abuse on cognitive function.

Keywords:
Cognitive functionExecutive functionKetamineMemorySubstance abuse

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment associated with substance abuse can be reversible.
  • Ketamine users frequently engage in poly-substance abuse.
  • This study investigates cognitive function in ketamine users and controls.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare cognitive functions of current and former ketamine poly-drug users with non-users.
  • To assess memory, executive function, and working memory.
  • To evaluate depression and anxiety symptoms in users and controls.

Main Methods:

  • 100 ketamine poly-drug users (current and ex-users) and 100 controls were recruited.
  • Cognitive tests included memory, executive function, and intelligence assessments.
  • Beck Depression Inventory and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale measured psychological symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Current users showed higher depression and anxiety than ex-users and controls.
  • Both current and ex-users exhibited deficits in verbal and visual memory recall.
  • No significant cognitive differences were observed between current and ex-ketamine users.

Conclusions:

  • Ketamine poly-drug users experience persistent verbal and visual memory impairments.
  • These memory deficits remain evident even after cessation of ketamine use.
  • Further research is needed on the combined effects of ketamine and poly-drug use on memory.