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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

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A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
10:10

A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Published on: October 5, 2015

Challenging issues in tuberculosis in solid organ transplantation.

David J Horne1, Masahiro Narita, Christopher L Spitters

  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|August 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Solid organ transplant recipients face tuberculosis risks. This review addresses diagnosis and management challenges for latent and active tuberculosis in transplant candidates and recipients, especially in low-prevalence areas.

Keywords:
solid organ transplanttuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Transplantation Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are susceptible to opportunistic infections, including tuberculosis (TB).
  • Existing guidelines for latent and active TB management in SOT populations have limitations.
  • This review focuses on challenges in low-TB-prevalence settings.

Observation:

  • Diagnosis of latent TB in SOT candidates/recipients involves tuberculin skin tests and interferon-γ release assays.
  • Risk stratification is crucial to identify high-risk individuals despite negative diagnostic tests.
  • A history of treated TB in SOT recipients is a significant risk factor for post-transplant active TB.

Findings:

  • Challenges exist in diagnosing and managing latent and active TB in SOT candidates and recipients.
  • Interferon-γ release assays and tuberculin skin tests aid latent TB diagnosis.
  • Prior treated TB increases the risk of active TB post-transplant.

Implications:

  • Improved diagnostic and risk stratification strategies are needed for TB in SOT populations.
  • Clinical management of TB in SOT recipients requires careful consideration of prior TB history.
  • Further research is necessary to refine TB management guidelines for SOT candidates and recipients.