Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 9, 2026
06:45
Integrated Photoacoustic, Ultrasound, and Angiographic Tomography (PAUSAT) for NonInvasive Whole-Brain Imaging of Ischemic Stroke
Published on: June 2, 2023
The ASCOD phenotyping of ischemic stroke (Updated ASCO Phenotyping)
Cerebrovascular Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 1, 2013
Summary
ASCOD is an updated phenotyping system for ischemic stroke, incorporating dissection and simplifying diagnostic criteria. This refined approach better captures underlying diseases in stroke patients, especially younger individuals.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Vascular Neurology
- Stroke Medicine
Background:
- ASCO phenotyping is used to describe underlying diseases in ischemic stroke patients.
- The original ASCO system included atherosclerosis, small-vessel disease, cardiac pathology, and other causes.
- Existing phenotyping systems may not fully capture all relevant etiologies, particularly in younger stroke populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce ASCOD, an enhanced phenotyping system for ischemic stroke.
- To incorporate dissection as a distinct category and simplify diagnostic evidence levels.
- To improve the characterization of underlying diseases in ischemic stroke patients.
Main Methods:
- The ASCO system was evolved into ASCOD by adding 'D' for dissection.
- Diagnostic evidence levels were simplified and integrated into existing grades.
- The cutoff for significant stenosis was lowered from 70% to 50%.
- A specific pattern for cardiogenic stroke using neuroimaging was added.
Main Results:
- ASCOD recognizes dissection as a frequent cause, especially in young stroke patients.
- The simplified system integrates diagnostic evidence into grades 0 and 9.
- The revised stenosis cutoff (50%) aligns with common clinical practice.
- ASCOD captures and weights the overlap between multiple underlying diseases.
Conclusions:
- ASCOD provides a more comprehensive phenotyping of ischemic stroke.
- The updated system is particularly beneficial for young stroke patients with dissection.
- ASCOD facilitates a more accurate understanding of stroke etiology by considering disease overlap.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:15Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology
An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
01:15Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction
Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
01:17Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview
Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and narrowing...
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and narrowing...
01:29Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology
A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
01:17Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction
A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
01:30Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies
Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...