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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis centers on injury to pancreatic acinar cells, which initiates a cascade of harmful intracellular events.This injury leads to premature activation of trypsinogen to trypsin in the pancreas. Trypsin then activates other digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsin, elastase, and phospholipase A2, which begin breaking down pancreatic tissue. The resulting autodigestion causes local inflammation, tissue swelling, hemorrhage, and fat necrosis.Injured acinar cells...
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Preparing a Mice Model of Severe Acute Pancreatitis via a Combination of Caerulein and Lipopolysaccharide Intraperitoneal Injection
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Preparing a Mice Model of Severe Acute Pancreatitis via a Combination of Caerulein and Lipopolysaccharide Intraperitoneal Injection

Published on: May 10, 2024

Panniculitis with vasculitis.

G Ferrara1, C M Stefanato, R Gianotti

  • 1Anatomic Pathology Unit Gaetano Rummo General Hospital, Benevento, Italy - gerardo.ferrara@libero.it.

Giornale Italiano Di Dermatologia E Venereologia : Organo Ufficiale, Societa Italiana Di Dermatologia E Sifilografia
|August 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Differentiating panniculitis involves identifying vasculitis in subcutaneous tissue. Key diagnoses include polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), nodular vasculitis (NV), and erythema induratum (EI), with NV/EI being most common.

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Published on: April 7, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Dermatopathology
  • Rheumatology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Panniculitides represent a diverse group of inflammatory conditions affecting subcutaneous fat.
  • Histopathological identification of vasculitis within subcutaneous tissue narrows the differential diagnosis significantly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the key differential diagnoses for panniculitis with vasculitis.
  • To clarify the diagnostic criteria and distinctions between polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), nodular vasculitis (NV), and Bazin's erythema induratum (EI).

Main Methods:

  • Histopathological examination of subcutaneous tissue to detect vasculitis.
  • Clinical correlation and diagnostic criteria application for differentiating specific panniculitis entities.
  • Tuberculin skin testing to support the distinction between NV and EI.

Main Results:

  • Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), nodular vasculitis (NV), and erythema induratum (EI) are the primary considerations once vasculitis is identified.
  • The NV/EI group constitutes the most frequent form of lobular panniculitis with vasculitis.
  • A positive tuberculin skin test is proposed as a distinguishing factor for erythema induratum (EI) from nodular vasculitis (NV).
  • Other rare lobular panniculitides with vasculitis are associated with systemic conditions like leprosy, rheumatoid arthritis, or inflammatory bowel disease.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate histopathological assessment is crucial for diagnosing panniculitis with vasculitis.
  • Distinguishing between PAN, NV, and EI is essential for appropriate patient management and prognosis.
  • Further research into rare systemic causes of lobular panniculitis with vasculitis is warranted.