Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...

Skin Cancer

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...

Papillary Dermis

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...

Reticular Dermis

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Tirbanibulin 1% real-world use in 679 actinic keratoses patients during warm season (SUMM-AK study).

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·2025

Same author

Scabies is becoming less sensitive to permethrin therapy.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·2021

Same author

A 'cold heart' papule.

Clinical and experimental dermatology·2021

Same author

STIs and the COVID-19 pandemic: the lockdown does not stop sexual infections.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·2020

Same author

Chilblain-like lesions during the COVID-19 pandemic: a serological study on a case series.

The British journal of dermatology·2020

Same author

Superficial acral fibromyxoma: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of 12 cases of a distinctive soft tissue tumor with a predilection for the fingers and toes.

Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia·2011

Same journal

Correction to: Autoinflammatory diseases: why they should matter to the dermatologist.

Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia·2021

Same journal

Correction to: Actinic keratoses: when and how to treat a single lesion.

Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia·2021

Same journal

Correction to: Thick melanoma in Tuscany.

Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia·2021

Same journal

Spastic quadriplegia following intradermal use of hydrogen peroxide in the tardive curettage procedure for the treatment of a giant congenital nevus.

Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia·2021

Same journal

Genetic mutations in primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus: case report and literature review.

Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia·2020

Same journal

Cutaneous manifestations in an Italian military COVID hub.

Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia·2020

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Published on: May 16, 2025

Erythema nodosum.

B Passarini¹, S D Infusino

¹Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Dermatology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Bologna, Italy - salvatore.infusino@gmail.com.

Giornale Italiano Di Dermatologia E Venereologia : Organo Ufficiale, Societa Italiana Di Dermatologia E Sifilografia

|August 1, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Erythema nodosum is an acute inflammatory skin condition causing painful leg nodules. Treatment focuses on symptom relief with NSAIDs, as it

More Related Videos

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response

Published on: October 3, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Published on: May 16, 2025

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response

Published on: October 3, 2019

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Inflammatory Diseases
Rheumatology

Background:

Erythema nodosum presents as painful, symmetrical, non-ulcerative nodules on the lower legs.
It is characterized by septal panniculitis and can be associated with fever and arthralgia.
This condition is considered a hypersensitivity reaction, potentially linked to infections, systemic diseases, or medications.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the clinical presentation, etiology, and management of erythema nodosum.
To highlight diagnostic considerations and therapeutic approaches for this dermatosis.

Main Methods:

Review of clinical and histological features of erythema nodosum.
Analysis of common triggers including streptococcal infections and sarcoidosis.
Evaluation of diagnostic examinations to identify underlying causes.

Main Results:

Peak incidence is observed in individuals aged 18-34 years, with a higher prevalence in women.
Streptococcal infection is a primary cause in children, while adults may also develop it due to sarcoidosis.
Erythema nodosum is typically self-limited, with symptomatic treatment often being sufficient.

Conclusions:

Erythema nodosum is a self-limiting inflammatory condition requiring symptomatic management.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the recommended first-line treatment.
Systemic steroids are generally not recommended due to potential side effects and lack of necessity.