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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80% of...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis centers on injury to pancreatic acinar cells, which initiates a cascade of harmful intracellular events.This injury leads to premature activation of trypsinogen to trypsin in the pancreas. Trypsin then activates other digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsin, elastase, and phospholipase A2, which begin breaking down pancreatic tissue. The resulting autodigestion causes local inflammation, tissue swelling, hemorrhage, and fat necrosis.Injured acinar cells...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...

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Updated: May 9, 2026

Preparing a Mice Model of Severe Acute Pancreatitis via a Combination of Caerulein and Lipopolysaccharide Intraperitoneal Injection
07:38

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Published on: May 10, 2024

Pancreatic panniculitis.

F Rongioletti1, V Caputo

  • 1Section of Dermatology Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL) and Unit of Pathology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy - franco.rongioletti@unige.it.

Giornale Italiano Di Dermatologia E Venereologia : Organo Ufficiale, Societa Italiana Di Dermatologia E Sifilografia
|August 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pancreatic panniculitis (PP) is a rare skin condition linked to pancreatic issues. Early diagnosis via biopsy is crucial, especially when skin lesions precede pancreatic symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Pancreatic panniculitis (PP) is a rare panniculitis variant affecting 0.3-3% of patients with pancreatic disorders.
  • It involves subcutaneous fat necrosis, presenting as painful nodules that may ulcerate and discharge oily material.

Observation:

  • Lesions typically appear on lower extremities but can spread.
  • Fat necrosis can extend beyond the skin to adipose tissue around joints, abdomen, and bone marrow.
  • Skin manifestations may precede pancreatic symptoms by 1-7 months.

Findings:

  • Histopathology reveals lobular panniculitis with adipocyte necrosis, characterized by "ghost adipocytes" containing calcium deposits.
  • Commonly associated with acute/chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic carcinoma (especially acinar cell type), and other pancreatic abnormalities.

Implications:

  • Treatment focuses on the underlying pancreatic disease.
  • Prognosis is poor with pancreatic carcinoma; persistent or widespread PP may indicate occult pancreatic cancer.
  • Accurate diagnosis requires large-scalpel incisional biopsies of fully developed lesions.