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The pulse current pattern generated by developing fucoid eggs.

R Nuccitelli, L F Jaffe

    The Journal of Cell Biology
    |March 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study reveals how growth currents flow in developing Pelvetia embryos. Current enters the growing tip and exits elsewhere, forming a dipole field essential for development.

    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Biology
    • Electrophysiology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Understanding ion transport is crucial for comprehending cellular growth and development.
    • Previous studies have hinted at electrical currents during embryonic development but lacked spatial resolution.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the spatial distribution of growth currents around a single developing Pelvetia embryo.
    • To characterize current flow patterns during stimulated electrical pulses in two-celled embryos.

    Main Methods:

    • Development and application of a novel extracellular vibrating electrode for precise current measurement.
    • Stimulation of current pulses using mild acidification of the surrounding medium.
    • Analysis of current entry and exit points and field distribution.

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    Main Results:

    • Current enters exclusively at the growing rhizoid tip and exits from the rhizoid base and thallus cell membrane.
    • The electrical field exhibits a dipole pattern, falling off as the inverse cube of the distance.
    • Current density is highest at the rhizoid base, suggesting localized membrane property changes.

    Conclusions:

    • A model is proposed where pulse currents enter through newly opened channels at the growing tip.
    • Outward current flow is driven by a decrease in membrane potential across the cell.
    • These findings provide new insights into the bioelectrical mechanisms governing early embryonic development.